By Keith Smith, Roy Ward
ISBN-10: 0471952486
ISBN-13: 9780471952480
ISBN-10: 0585213992
ISBN-13: 9780585213996
This publication is anxious with the factors and effects of river and coastal floods and the ways that humans can reply to the flood risk. person chapters deal with concerns corresponding to floods as usual risks; affects and interpretations of flood risk; reasons, spatial features and kind of river floods and coastal floods; flood estimation; flood defence; flood forecasting and caution; different responses together with land use making plans and assurance; and a concluding dialogue of difficulties, rules and customers. Floods has been written by way of skilled and profitable authors whose complementary abilities are mixed to offer a extensive, finished and up to date therapy of the topic which might be used not just as a textual content booklet or studying handbook but additionally as an authoritative reference resource. This has been accomplished through setting up and structuring the cloth to illustrate the continuity and linkages among the factors and affects of flooding and the various attainable responses to the flood probability. while the e-book guarantees that dialogue of every of the most issues and subject matters is, so far as is workable, self-contained. The booklet is well timed in numerous features. It addresses the topicality and universality of floods that are an expanding possibility at a time of world environmental switch (climate, land use, inhabitants distribution etc.). It additionally bargains the layman and practitioner alike a synthesis and rationalization of many person examine efforts close to the shut of the foreign Decade for traditional catastrophe relief.
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Additional info for Floods: Physical Processes and Human Impacts
Example text
In early historical times rivers probably flooded more frequently but because of the primitive, poorly drained character of river basins and floodplains the floodwaters would have risen gradually, peaked, and then drained equally gradually back into the channels. Over the centuries land-use changes and improved drainage have speeded the movement of water into stream channels which, as a result, have been gradually dredged, straightened and embanked so as to accommodate a greater flow of water. Now, minor floods are contained but when larger floods overtop the embankments the resulting inundation takes place rapidly and the floodwaters are unable to drain back easily into the channels.
Equally, the flood risk may be reduced by flood control structures or by effective emergency planning. The real ris`k from floods stems from the likelihood that a major hazardous event will occur unexpectedly and that it will impact negatively on people and their welfare. Flood hazards result from a combination of physical exposure and human vulnerability to geophysical processes. 6 Sensitivity to flood hazard expressed in relation to the variability of river discharge and the degree of socio-economic tolerance at a site Source: Modified from Hewitt and Burton (1971) the ability of the population to anticipate and cope with hazard.
Floods are rarely out of the local, national, or international news on both TV and in the newspapers. Most of the news items relate to fairly minor events which cause little damage and are soon forgotten except by those most directly affected. Some, however, reflect major disasters involving loss of life and the destruction of property, and bring in their wake hardship, suffering, disease and famine. In the 1980s there were at least 60 major flood disasters, each involving the loss of more than 100 lives and including 10 where more than 1000 lives were lost.
Floods: Physical Processes and Human Impacts by Keith Smith, Roy Ward
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