By Stanley L. Engerman, Robert E. Gallman
ISBN-10: 0521553075
ISBN-13: 9780521553070
Quantity 2 surveys the commercial historical past of the USA, Canada, and the Caribbean in the course of the 19th century. 5 major subject matters body the industrial alterations defined within the quantity: the migration of work and capital from Europe, Asia, and Africa to the Americas; westward enlargement; slavery and its aftermath; the method of industrialization; and the social effects of financial progress that resulted in basic alterations within the function of presidency. different themes comprise inequality, inhabitants, exertions, agriculture, entrepreneurship, transportation, banking and finance, enterprise legislation, and foreign alternate.
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Additional info for The Cambridge Economic History of the United States: The Long Nineteenth Century
Sample text
Rates of gain varied widely from decade to decade. There was a slight decline between 1859 and 1869, the legacy of the Civil War, and relatively small gains between 1834/43 and 1839/48 – surely the result of the Great Depression of the early 1840s – and between 1879/88 and 1889/98 – perhaps at least in part due to the Great Depression of the 1890s. 10, Panel C). There are marked gains in the antebellum years after 1839/48, in the period 1869–1879/88 – partly recovery from the war – and in the period 1889/98 to 1899/08 – recovery from the Great Depression.
Cholera and yellow fever were killers. Survivors probably did not suffer long-term effects in their heights. Malaria, on the other hand, was a debilitating disease that was likely to have led to stunting. 11. 5 Source: Richard H. ), American Economic Growth, 288. Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 37 38 Robert E. 24 It has been suggested that the structural shifts of the economy were sufficiently pronounced that the agricultural sector was unable to maintain an adequate level of nutrition, especially in the face of increased exports of food late in the century.
The figures refer not literally to consumption, but to output minus exports plus imports; they do not allow for inventory changes. For convenience I use the term consumption. 10. Goods flowing to consumers, 1834/43–1899/08 Panel A: Percentage distributions among classes of goods and classes of commodities, constant prices Goods Commodities Perishables Semidurables Durables Services Perishables Semidurables Durables 57% 57 53 51 51 51 51 50 51 52 50 9% 11 16 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 2% 3 4 6 8 8 10 11 11 10 10 32% 29 27 26 24 24 22 20 20 20 22 84% 80 73 69 67 67 65 63 64 65 64 13% 15 22 23 22 22 22 23 23 23 23 3% 4 5 8 11 11 13 14 14 13 13 1834/43 1839/48 1844/53 1849/58 1869/78 1874/83 1879/88 1884/93 1889/98 1894/1903 1899/1908 Panel B: Percentage distribution among classes of goods, excluding and including home manufacturing; current prices Excluding Including Perishables Semi-durables Durables Perishables Semi-durables Durables 79% 68 69 16% 24 23 5% 8 8 75% 67 68 21% 27 24 4% 7 7 1839 1849 1859 Panel C: Flows of consumer goods, per capita ($ of 1860) 1834/43 1839/48 1844/53 1849/58 1859 1869 1869/78 1874/83 1879/88 1884/93 1889/98 1894/1903 1899/1908 All Goods All commodities Perishables Semi-durables Durables Services 85% 89 99 107 115 108 115 137 151 152 153 170 192 58% 63 73 79 85 82 88 105 118 121 123 135 150 49% 50 53 55 59 56 59 70 77 77 78 87 96 8% 10 15 18 20 17 20 23 26 27 27 30 34 2% 3 5 6 6 10 10 11 15 17 17 18 20 27% 26 26 28 30 26 27 32 33 31 30 35 42 Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 Robert E.
The Cambridge Economic History of the United States: The Long Nineteenth Century by Stanley L. Engerman, Robert E. Gallman
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