Read e-book online The Supernova Story PDF

By Laurence A. Marschall (auth.)

ISBN-10: 0306429551

ISBN-13: 9780306429552

ISBN-10: 1489963014

ISBN-13: 9781489963017

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The nearest galaxies were the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, irregular galaxies only a bit over 100,000 light-years away, just beyond the edges of the Milky Way. At Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, astronomer Vesto Slip her had also been looking at galaxies. Slipher was interested in their speeds, however, not their distances. By 1925 he had obtained velocities for about 40 galaxies. Strangely enough, with few exceptions, all the Doppler shifts were to longer or redder wavelengths.

Supernovae are extreme cases, exhibiting a huge increase in brightness in less than a day followed by a slower decline over many months to permanent obscurity. Later on we will find that the way in which light from a variable star changes (its "light curve") is often a key to understanding it. For instance, pulsars are stars that produce regular sharp pulses of light much like lighthouses. The similarity is instructive; astronomers believe that pulsars are actually spinning stars that emit strong narrow beams of radiation, sweeping their light around the sky just as a beacon sweeps the coastal waters.

Spectral analysis now routinely yields evidence that the remote stars are chemically and physically similar to the sun. Knowing what they are in general, however, is only the beginning of the story. Explaining the differences between stars and understanding the processes that form them, make them shine, and finally end their lives (sometimes as supernovae), remains a major enterprise of astronomy. THE DOPPLER SHIFT AND THE MOTIONS OF STARS One of the most fruitful techniques for the analysis of stellar spectra was suggested to the members of the Royal Bohemian Scientific Society on May 25, 1842.

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The Supernova Story by Laurence A. Marschall (auth.)


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