By Steven Zaloga
ISBN-10: 1846036879
ISBN-13: 9781846036873
ISBN-10: 1849083010
ISBN-13: 9781849083010
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Extra resources for Defense of Japan 1945 (Fortress 99)
Sample text
However, the plan also included the first major effort to reinforce coastal defenses by the creation of fortified infantry and artillery positions. This included the creation of defensive positions for 45 infantry battalions and 110 field guns in Japan, plus additional defenses in neighboring Korea. The plan met with substantial difficulties both due to shortages of concrete, as well as a lack of experience in the construction of coastal defenses. A survey of the defense sectors at the end of 1944 found that less than half of the positions had been created in the most vulnerable Western Military District and far less in other areas.
The rocket-powered Ohka Type 11 first entered production in October 1944 and was first used in combat in March 1945 from Kyushu. These small aircraft were dropped from the G4M2 (Betty) bomber, which proved to be too slow and vulnerable to interception. Following its combat use in the spring of 1945, there were about 230 Ohka Type 11s still in inventory in July 1945, which were hoarded for Ketsu-Go. The Type 11 was supposed to be replaced by the jet-powered Ohka Type 22, which could be carried on the faster P1Y (Frances) and launched from a greater distance to increase the chance of survival against American carrier air cover.
This gave the US Army Air Force (USAAF) access to airfields within B-29 range of Japan. ” The dire predicament created by the Marianas defeat forced the Imperial General Headquarters to release a revised strategic plan for the Pacific theater on July 21, 1944, codenamed “Sho-Go” (Victory Operation). 4 covered defensive plans in the northern Home Islands to deal with any potential Soviet threat. 1 plan, General Douglas MacArthur’s forces extended their campaign into the Philippines, landing on Leyte in October 1944.
Defense of Japan 1945 (Fortress 99) by Steven Zaloga
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