By Arun S. Mujumdar
ISBN-10: 1574446681
ISBN-13: 9781574446685
By some distance the main ordinarily encountered and energy-intensive unit operation in just about all commercial sectors, commercial drying keeps to draw the curiosity of scientists, researchers, and engineers. The Handbook of business Drying, Fourth Edition not just promises a finished therapy of the present cutting-edge, but in addition serves as a consultative reference for streamlining business drying operations.
New to the Fourth Edition:
- Computational fluid dynamic simulation
- Solar, impingement, and pulse combustion drying
- Drying of culmination, greens, sugar, biomass, and coal
- Physicochemical facets of sludge drying
- Life-cycle overview of drying systems
Covering regularly encountered dryers in addition to cutting edge dryers with destiny power, the Handbook of business Drying, Fourth version not basically information the newest advancements within the box, but in addition explains how advancements in dryer layout and operation can bring up power potency and cost-effectiveness.
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Additional info for Handbook of Industrial Drying
Example text
The temperature at which the gas is fully saturated is called the dew point TD. 3 Humid Volume The humid volume VH of a vapor–gas mixture is the volume in cubic meters of 1 kg of dry gas and its accompanying vapor at the prevailing temperature and pressure. 4 m3/kg mol. For a mixture with an absolute humidity Y at TG (K) and P (atm), the ideal gas law gives the humid volume as 1 Y T 1 22:4 þ VH ¼ M G MW 273:14 P 1 Y T þ VH ¼ 0:082 M G MW P (1:24) When the mass of dry gas in the vapor–gas mixture is multiplied by the humid volume, the volume of the vapor–gas mixture is obtained.
A common method of portraying humidity charts is by using the enthalpy– humidity chart indicated earlier [10]. 3 INTERNAL CONDITIONS (PROCESS 2) After having discussed the factors and definitions related to the external conditions of air temperature and humidity, attention will now be paid to the solid characteristics. As a result of heat transfer to a wet solid, a temperature gradient develops within the solid while moisture evaporation occurs from the surface. This produces a migration of moisture from within the solid to the surface, which occurs through one or more mechanisms, namely, diffusion, capillary flow, internal pressures set up by shrinkage during drying, and, in the case of indirect (conduction) dryers, through a repeated and progressive occurring vaporization and recondensation of moisture to the exposed surface.
External drying conditions are especially important during the initial stages of drying when unbound surface moisture is removed. In certain cases, for example, in materials like ceramics and timber in which considerable shrinkage occurs, excessive surface evaporation after the initial free moisture has been removed sets up high moisture gradients from the interior to the surface. This is liable to cause overdrying and excessive shrinkage and consequently high tension within the material, resulting in cracking and warping.
Handbook of Industrial Drying by Arun S. Mujumdar
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