By Aristotle
The 8th e-book of Aristotle's Physics is the fruits of his thought of nature. He discusses not only physics, however the origins of the universe and the metaphysical foundations of cosmology and actual technology. He strikes from the dialogue of movement within the cosmos to the identity of a unmarried resource and regulating precept of all movement, and so argues for the lifestyles of a primary 'unmoved mover'. Daniel Graham deals a transparent, exact new translation of this key textual content within the background of Western concept, and accompanies the interpretation with a cautious philosophical statement to steer the reader in the direction of an realizing of the wealth of vital and influential arguments and concepts that Aristotle places ahead.
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Extra resources for Physics
Sample text
It makes no difference whether what contains is moved or not. Again, when it is not separate it is described as a part in a whole, as the pupil in the eye or the hand in the body: when it is separate, as the water in the cask or the wine in the jar. For the hand is moved with the body and the water in the cask. It will now be plain from these considerations what place is. There are just four things of which place must be one-the shape, or the matter, or some sort of extension between the bounding surfaces of the containing body, or this boundary itself if it contains no extension over and above the bulk of the body which comes to be in it.
With magnitudes the contrary holds. What is continuous is divided ad infinitum, but there is no infinite in the direction of increase. For the size which it can potentially be, it can also actually be. Hence since no sensible magnitude is infinite, it is impossible to exceed every assigned magnitude; for if it were possible there would be something bigger than the heavens. e. movement is called infinite in virtue of the magnitude covered by the movement (or alteration or growth), and time because of the movement.
The jar then will not be in itself and the wine will not be in itself. But the jar of wine will: for the contents and the container are both parts of the same whole. In this sense then, but not primarily, a thing can be in itself, namely, as 'white' is in body (for the visible surface is in body), and science is in the mind. It is from these, which are 'parts' (in the sense at least of being 'in' the man), that the man is called white, &c. But the jar and the wine in separation are not parts of a whole, though together they are.
Physics by Aristotle
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