By Eckart Voland, Wulf Schiefenhövel
ISBN-10: 3642001270
ISBN-13: 9783642001277
ISBN-10: 3642001289
ISBN-13: 9783642001284
In a Darwinian international, non secular habit - similar to different behaviors - is probably going to have passed through a means of ordinary choice during which it used to be rewarded within the evolutionary foreign money of reproductive good fortune. This booklet goals to supply a greater realizing of the social situations during which choice strain resulted in spiritual practices turning into an advanced human trait, i.e. an adaptive solution to the stipulations of residing and surviving that prevailed between our prehistoric ancestors. This objective is pursued by way of a staff of professional authors from a number of disciplines. Their contributions study the appropriate physiological, emotional, cognitive and social techniques. The ensuing realizing of the sensible interaction of those methods supplies worthy insights into the organic roots and merits of religion.
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Vaas and Blume 2009) – are not helpful for each group member. • Explanations: One function of myths (and some rites) was – and for some people still is – to understand things and events in nature. Causal attributions are a powerful way to cope with a world that displays a degree of predictability, and magical thinking as well as superstitious beliefs and behavior are a spillover of this advantageous cognitive stance (Foster and Kokko 2009). Though meanwhile science can do much better regarding phenomena like earthquakes or thunderstorms, there remain questions which cannot be explained scientifically.
2. Ultimate relatedness: feeling of attachment, connectedness, dependence, and obligation as well as a feeling of ultimate purpose and meaning both for individuals and for societies or the whole world. 3. Mysticism: experience of the holy; feelings of unity with this power or even with everything. 4. Myth: explanation, legitimation, and appraisal of the world, extending even to promises of salvation. 5. Morality: transcendent justification of values (rules and prohibitions) to guide the thoughts and behavior of individuals.
For instance, religiosity might exploit rules such as “obey authorities,” especially related ones (like parents), and “believe, without question, whatever your grown-ups tell you” (Dawkins 2006, p. 174). Or, religiosity once came along with useful world models, especially (inborn) agency detection; Gods and spirits might be excess products of folk psychological agency and teleology devices (“intentional stance”), and error tolerance is useful (as are occasionally false alarms of smoke detectors) as long as there is a cost/benefit balance (Nesse 2001).
The biological evolution of religious mind and behaviour by Eckart Voland, Wulf Schiefenhövel
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