By Charles Issawi
ISBN-10: 0231034431
ISBN-13: 9780231034432
ISBN-10: 0231083777
ISBN-13: 9780231083775
ISBN-10: 0415379989
ISBN-13: 9780415379984
The commercial historical past of the center East and North Africa is sort of outstanding. this is often an axiomatic assertion, however the very nature of the commercial adjustments that experience stemmed without delay from the consequences of oil assets in those components has tended to vague longterm styles of monetary swap and the elemental transformation of center japanese and North African economies and societies over the last 200 years. during this examine Professor Issawi examines and explains the improvement of those economies when you consider that 1800, focusing fairly at the problem posed by way of the use and next decline of Western monetary and political domination and the center jap reaction to it. The e-book beg ins with an research of the results of international intervention within the quarter: the growth of exchange, the improvement of delivery networks, the inflow of overseas capital and ensuing integration into overseas advertisement and fiscal networks. It is going directly to research the neighborhood reaction to those exterior forces: migration inside, to and from the area, inhabitants development, urbanization and alterations in residing criteria, shifts in agricultural creation and land tenure and the improvement of an commercial region. Professor Issawi discusses the the most important results of the expansion of oil and oil-related industries in a separate bankruptcy, and eventually assesses the most likely profits and losses during this lengthy interval for either the international locations within the sector and the Western powers. He has drawn on lengthy event and a big volume of fabric in surveying the interval, and offers a transparent and penetrating survey of an awfully complicated region.
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Extra resources for The Economic History of the Middle East and North Africa (Economic History of the Modern World Series)
Example text
But raw silk exports increased rapidly and by 1913 constituted some 25 percent of the total. Another growing item was Jaffa oranges, developed by Arab farmers but greatly expanded by Jewish planters, both being helped by British traders who advanced funds; this provided nearl} 10 percent of exports. Tobacco exports were held down by the action of the tobacco monopoly, and those of wheat and barley fluctuated widely. Traditional manufactures, such as silk cloth and soap, made up over 20 percent of the total.
The 1979 revolution in Iran resulted in the exodus of almost all the foreigners in that country. Thus, by 1960, the bulk of economic activity in the region, with the important exception of oil, had passed into the hands of the governments or the native bourgeoisies. The next two decades saw a powerful wave of socialization. Outside agriculture and housing, the national private sector was reduced to insignificance in Egypt, Syria, Iraq, Sudan, Algeria, Libya, South Yemen, and, most recently, Iran, and severely curtailed in the other countries.
Outside agriculture and housing, the national private sector was reduced to insignificance in Egypt, Syria, Iraq, Sudan, Algeria, Libya, South Yemen, and, most recently, Iran, and severely curtailed in the other countries. The takeover of the oil industry since 1973 has completed this process. The Middle East has indeed come a long way since 1914. Its governments have achieved a large measure of control over the economy and society. Its infrastructure has been greatly expanded and is approaching adequacy, and the same may be said of its main financial institutions.
The Economic History of the Middle East and North Africa (Economic History of the Modern World Series) by Charles Issawi
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